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三十六计英文-Thirty-Six Stratagems 15. Lure the tiger out of the mountain 三十六计
三十六计英文
16. Let the enemy off in order to snare him
This stratagem has two possible applications. The admonition can be taken quite
literally in that---in a situation in which you defeat your enemy---you can
sometimes more effectively snare the opponent by releasing him or forgiving him.
(After all, if you execute an enemy general, then his lieutenant becomes general
in his stead, so you still have an enemy to fight. But if you spare the general
and win him over, you gain an ally.) Sun Tzu repeatedly urges that those who are
defeated be treated humanely, because if you win their loyalties, then you
increase your own fighting force with very little expenditure. The Chinese
generals who wrote extensive commentaries on Sun Tzu have observed that feeding
and clothing prisoners means you are really feeding and clothing recruits. The
opportunity to be magnanimous shows the opponent that you are not the devil he
assumed you to be. And after being defeated, a proud fighter may be much more
approachable and agreeable when treated with dignity and respect.
The USA accomplished this, after a fashion, by bringing German POWs back to the
USA for interment during WWII. One German prisoner wrote that they all knew they
would understand their real conditions only when they arrived at the prison
barracks. They were frightened and dispirited, and the incredibly long journey
across a vast ocean had made them all feel cut off and isolated. There then
followed several days of travel by bus, so that all of the young men felt that
they were powerless to escape or return.
But when he entered the barracks and saw a row of neat bunks, each with a
mattress, and clean sheets, and a small kit bag stocked with shaving cream, a
razor, soap, a toothbrush, and toothpaste, he was overcome with both gratitude
and humility. He realized that his captors were not cruel. Prisoners were not
beaten nor humiliated, and they were required to attend classes on law, ethics,
and the Constitution of the United States. Eventually, they were allowed to work
off site, under guard, for ranchers in the area. By the end of the war, with the
exception of three hold outs, all of the men in his section of the camp were
willing to see Constitutional government with equal rights for all instituted in
Germany.
On the other hand, relying on the loyalty of a former enemy can be dangerous to
the point of disastrous. The second application of this stratagem is more
pragmatic and quite efficient: Make the enemy believe that a means of escape is
open to him, and---rather than fight whole heartedly---he will turn his energies
to get away, and thus you can direct him into a trap or harry his troops as they
try to flee.
Sun Tzu warns that trapped soldiers---your own or the other general's---will
fight at their best if they think there is no hope. They will resolve to take as
many of the enemy with them as possible, so the great general writes, "When you
surround an army, leave an outlet free. Do not press a desperate foe too hard"
(from Section Seven, "Mauevering," Art of War). It's better to get the other
person to run for cover or run for escape. Provided you arrange the situation so
that you know which way he will run, you can still effectively destroy his army.
And this way, you suffer fewer losses.
三十六计英文-Thirty-Six Stratagems 17. Hold out a brick to attract a gem 上屋抽梯 管理咨询 Herbert Zhang Zhi Yong 口才
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